Technologies : téléphonie mobile

GPRS

GPRS (Global Packet Radio Service ) is a standard data transfer suitable for mobile networks. It transforms the current GSM network ( connection-oriented ) network packet . This standard allows mobile devices to be always connected to the network ( without dialing phone ) and offers speeds 5-6 times higher than current rates. It provides a flow rate of 115 kbps ( kilobits second) against 9.6 kbps for GSM network.

The GPRS terminal

The characteristics of GPRS mobile terminals are

codified by a letter that identifies the operating mode of the terminal and two numbers that identify the data transmission rate .

Class A : The terminal can operate simultaneously in voice communication and GPRS data transmission . There are today no terminal class A.

Class B : The terminal can be connected to both voice communication and transmission GPRS, but it does one thing at a time. Typically , a voice communication suspend a GPRS connection. It will automatically restart lorsuqe the voice call ends .

Class C: switching to voice or GPRS mode is manual. Class C terminals are only modems .

Transmission rates are expressed either in the form X + Y, is denoted by a class 1 to 12.

X + Y: X is the number of downlink channels ( to the user) . A channel is a convenient speed of 12kbit / s (in theory , up to 22.4 kbit / s ) .

Y is the number of uplink channels ( to the network or Internet ) .

Class X : Identification numbered class is richer but also more complex to decode. The following table shows the characteristics of each class

WAP

WAP ( Wireless Application Protocol) is a standard wireless applications protocol. Its main application is consulting websites "light " from a mobile . It is a communication standard for mobile devices (mobile phones , PDAs ) to connect to services specifically designed through the Internet. WAP is independent networks (GSM , GPRS , UMTS, ... ) and terminals ( phones, PDAs, computers, refrigerators , ... ) .

Performance WAP GPRS networks allow to achieve a high level of ergonomics and performance.

EDGE

EDGE (Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution ) is the latest evolution of GSM for data transmission (UMTS does not belong , remember, the " line " GSM). EDGE uses new modulation techniques to achieve in theory speeds of 384kbit / s using existing GSM frequencies. EDGE is an intermediate step towards commercial UMTS to provide broadband services with a moderate investment.

The iMode

The iMode is the access to the mobile Internet standard created and chosen by the Japanese operator NTT DoCoMo which it is owned . The iMode has already won in early 2002 more than 32 million subscribers.

The description language content iMode is close to HTML Inevitably presented as a competitor of WAP , iMode is released gradually in Japan from early 2002. The Dutch operator KPN has chosen the Netherlands , Germany and ePlus Bouygues Telecom has develop on the French market.

MMS

MMS (Multimedia Messaging Service) allows you to send messages enriched with color photos , images and sounds to traditional Internet addresses or to compatible mobile phones. To send an MMS, the phone must be configured according to the instructions of the operator ( telephone number of the server , IP address ...) . In France , the MMS can be exchanged between between three mobile operators. With foreign countries, it depends on your service provider agreements . MMS function GSM or GPRS mode and are billed on the same principle as SMS

MVNO

An MVNO (Mobile Virtual Network Operator) is an operator of mobile phone service . It defines freely and markets mobile phone offers (voice, data , terminals) to the consumer markets , professionals and businesses. Unlike a distributor of a "classical" operator, it issues its own SIM cards and bill customers directly . An MVNO does not have its own network (radio antennas, interconnection with telephone operators ... ), but it relies on the network of an operator with a GSM or UMTS license

3G + / HSDPA

HSDPA (High Speed ​​Downlink Packet Access) standard is an evolution of UMTS networks to achieve speeds of DSL , ie up to 14Mbit / s to the user and up to 2Mbit / s in the uplink . With more advanced radio bases , the radio spectrum is managed better , which ensures shorter response time , but also the ability to transmit voice and broadband data simultaneously.

UMA

UMA (Unlicensed Mobile Access ) allows roaming between public networks GSM / GPRS networks and unlicensed Bluetooth or WiFi . The advantage for the user is twofold: it has a single terminal to call mobility , using locally available radio network he spends his calls at the lowest cost by not using a GSM network operator s ' there is no WiFi coverage. In practice, the user terminal encapsulates GSM / GPRS messages in IP packets and sends them to an equipment operator called UNC (UMA Network Controller) . It acts as a gateway between the GSM network operator and Internet . Found similar to that of IP telephony scheme , where a communication is channeled in part on an IP network before being routed onto the traditional telephone network (PSTN ) .

A- GPS: Assisted GPS

For assistance with the real-time location of vehicles or pedestrians, Assisted GPS (A- GPS) solves the problem of the computation time required to process satellite signals. It also helps to provide location information even if the satellite reception is weak, in tunnels or indoors , for example. A compatible mobile device receives information from the pre-location network of mobile operator. It then receives the signals from the satellites and may , depending on the operating mode selected, the process itself signals to indicate to the user 's position , or send the raw data to a server located in the mobile operator will load calculations and return the position to the terminal.

3G + / HSUPA

HSDPA (High Speed ​​Uplink Packet Access ) protocol complements the HSDPA to provide outflows up to 5.8 Mbit / s and offers times of less than 50ms latency compared to 100ms HSDPA . The first commercial deployments have emerged in 2007.

3G / UMTS

The acronym refers to European 3G third generation mobile phone systems , succeeding 1G (analogue) , 2G (GSM), 2.5G (GPRS) . It is based on the European standard UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System ) defined by the ITU. It offers download speeds up to 2Mbit / s , although the actual rates are substantially lower. UMTS is one of the versions of the ITU recommendations on 3G. , As well as WCDMA (Japan) or CDMA2000 (USA in particular) ..